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Airlines and airports have a joint interest in optimising the
capacity of the aviation system. Growing demand can lead to
congestion, resulting in queues building, bottle-necks and delays.
Delays lead to additional cost, whether it be in terms of direct
cost experienced by aircraft wanting to land/take-off, or the
indirect costs incurred by passengers who are inconvenienced by
longer journey times.
Finding a solution to managing congestion requires identifying the
sources of congestion, quantifying the cost of that congestion and
forecasting how congestion will change over time. Expanding the
aviation system's capacity and/or instituting demand management
systems should only be considered once participants are confident
that existing assets and facilities are being optimised. Sometimes
quite small changes can improve operational performance.
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